Who populates the ViewModel in ASP MVC 5

Question

Who populates the ViewModel in ASP MVC 5

asp.net-mvc c# entity-framework viewmodel

Question

Whose responsibility is it to populate the values in an ASP MVC 5 architecture (C#, EF), for e.g. if we have PurchaseRecordsViewModel , PurchaseRecords Domain Model , PurchaseController

Does the code to populate data (time, cost etc) go it the viewmodel, right in its very own the viewmodel go in the PurchaseRecordsViewModel ?
Or, does the code go in the Action method of the PurchaseController

aggie

Popular Answer

View models are typically just dumb collections of properties. Populating a view model typically rests inside of your service layer or, if you don't have one, your action method.

Think of the roles this way.

A domain model is a direct mapping to a database table.
A view model is a collection of properties needed to display a view.
A service layer gets/uses one or more domain models and populates a view model.
A service layer also can take a view model and create/update one or more domain models
A controller action method is the glue between the two. It calls a service layer to get (GET) a view model and passes it to a view. These action methods also take (POST) a view model and pass it to the service layer to do whatever needs to be done to it.

Another question typically asked is why can't I use domain models for a view? You can, but typically you run into things like, needing data from more than one domain model, not needing all the properties that are in the domain model and lastly, you now would have to worry about properties being updated on the domain model that you did not intend.

Tommy

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CSharper · Accepted Answer · 10/31/2018 3:50:11 AM

Expanding upon Tommy's answer, here is some code to go along with his description.

//Controller

public ActionResult Index()
{
  List<OrderViewModel>() model = new List<OrderViewModel>();  
  model = new ServiceClass().GetOrders();

  return View(model);
}

//here is your Service Class, this layer transfers the Domain Model into your ViewModel
public List<OrderViewModel> GetOrders()
{
   List<OrderDomain> model = new List<OrderDomain>();

   model = new DataAccess().GetOrders();

   List<OrderViewModel> viewModel = new List<OrderViewModel>();

   foreach (var order in model)
   {
        OrderViewModel vm = new OrderViewModel();
        vm.OrderId = order.OrderId;
        vm.OrderName = order.OrderName;

        viewModel.Add(vm);
   }      

    return viewModel;        
}

//some DataAccess class, this class is used for database access

Public List<OrderDomain> GetOrders()
{
     List<OrderDomain> model = new List<OrderDomain>();

      using (var context = new MyEntities())
      {
          model = (from x in context.Order
                   select new OrderDomain
                   {
                     OrderId = x.OrderId,
                     OrderName = x.OrderName
                   }).ToList();                     
      }
   return model;
}

Edit: This seems to be a mildly popular answer so I would like to mention I no longer follow this pattern. Instead I've been using mediatr and vertical slice architecture.

Who populates the ViewModel in ASP MVC 5

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